runsly Html5教程 2021-12-14

HTML5 canvas如何实现马赛克的淡入淡出效果（代码）

在显示马赛克图像时，淡入动画是逐渐从很模糊到很清晰马赛克的过程，淡出动画的处理是从图像变得清晰后又慢慢变得模糊的过程，下面我们就来看看具体的内容。

我们先来看看马赛克图像的淡入效果

代码如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
  <title></title>
  <meta charset="utf-8" />
  <script type="text/javascript">
    var imageData;
    var fadeMosaicSize = 0;
    var THandle;
    var mem_canvas;
    var mem_context;
    var context;
    var img;
    function loadImage() {
      img = new Image();
      mem_canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
      img.onload = function onImageLoad() {
        mem_canvas.width = img.width;
        mem_canvas.height = img.height;
        mem_context = mem_canvas.getContext('2d');
        mem_context.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
        imageData = mem_context.getImageData(0, 0, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height);
        startFadeIn();
      }
      img.src = 'img/luffy.jpg';
      var canvas = document.getElementById('SimpleCanvas');
      if (!canvas || !canvas.getContext) {
        return false;
      }else{
        context = canvas.getContext('2d');
      }
    }
    function startFadeIn() {
      fadeMosaicSize = 64;
      THandle = setInterval(onFadeIn, 50);
    }
    function onFadeIn() {
      if (fadeMosaicSize <= 1) {
        clearInterval(THandle);
        context.drawImage(img, 32, 32);
      } else {
        CreateMosaic(mem_context, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height, fadeMosaicSize);
        context.drawImage(mem_canvas, 32, 32);
        fadeMosaicSize = Math.floor(fadeMosaicSize / 1.5);
      }
    }
    function CreateMosaic(context, width,height,mosaicSize) {
      var x=0;
      var y=0;
      for (y = 0; y < height; y = y + mosaicSize) {
        for (x = 0; x < width; x = x + mosaicSize) {
          var cR = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4];
          var cG = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4 + 1];
          var cB = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4 + 2];
          context.fillStyle = "rgb("+cR+","+cG+","+cB+")";
          context.fillRect(x, y, x + mosaicSize, y + mosaicSize);
        }
      }
    }
  </script>
</head>
<body onload="loadImage();" style="background-color:#D0D0D0;">
  <canvas id="SimpleCanvas" width="640" height="360" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;"></canvas>
  <div>Canvas Demo</div>
  <div id="output"></div>
</body>
</html>

说明：

由于body标签的onload事件，在页面显示时会通过调用loadImagen（）函数开始处理。

页面显示后创建内部绘制的Canves对象，并读取图像。获得绘制后的像素数据。之后，启动计时器处理，在计时器的事件中创建马赛克图像并将其绘制到画面上。在执行计时器处理时，会减少马赛克的大小（fadeMosaicSize），从很粗的马赛克开始变得很清晰的马赛克动画，以表示淡入效果。

要调整渐变速度，可以更改计时器的间隔，

fadeMosaicSize = Math.floor(fadeMosaicSize / 1.5);

运行结果：

显示上面的HTML文件。显示很深的马赛克图像。

这是一个动态的过程，图像会慢慢的变清晰，最后就会出现如下效果

看完了淡入的效果，接下来我们来看看马赛克图像淡入淡出的效果实现

代码如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/>
  <title></title>
  <meta charset="utf-8" />
  <script type="text/javascript">
    var imageData;
    var fadeMosaicSize = 0;
    var THandle;
    var mem_canvas;
    var mem_context;
    var context;
    var img;
    function loadImage() {
      img = new Image();
      mem_canvas = document.createElement('canvas');

      img.onload = function onImageLoad() {
        mem_canvas.width = img.width;
        mem_canvas.height = img.height;
        mem_context = mem_canvas.getContext('2d');
        mem_context.drawImage(img, 0, 0);
        imageData = mem_context.getImageData(0, 0, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height);
        startFadeIn();
      }
      img.src = 'img/luffy.jpg';
      var canvas = document.getElementById('SimpleCanvas');
      if (!canvas || !canvas.getContext) {
        return false;
      }else{
        context = canvas.getContext('2d');
      }
    }
    function startFadeIn() {
      fadeMosaicSize = 64;
      THandle = setInterval(onFadeIn, 50);
    }
    function startFadeOut() {
      fadeMosaicSize = 1;
      THandle = setInterval(onFadeOut, 50);
    }
    function onFadeIn() {
      if (fadeMosaicSize <= 1) {
        clearInterval(THandle);
        context.drawImage(img, 32, 32);
        THandle = setInterval(onShow, 2000);
      } else {
        CreateMosaic(mem_context, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height, fadeMosaicSize);
        context.drawImage(mem_canvas, 32, 32);
        fadeMosaicSize = Math.floor(fadeMosaicSize / 1.5);
      }
    }
    function onShow() {
      clearInterval(THandle);
      startFadeOut();
    }
    function onFadeOut() {
      if (64 < fadeMosaicSize) {
        clearInterval(THandle);

        context.fillStyle = "#FFFFFF";
        context.fillRect(32, 32, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height);
      } else {
        CreateMosaic(mem_context, mem_canvas.width, mem_canvas.height, fadeMosaicSize);
        context.drawImage(mem_canvas, 32, 32);
        fadeMosaicSize = Math.ceil(fadeMosaicSize * 1.5);
      }
    }
    function CreateMosaic(context, width,height,mosaicSize) {
      var x=0;
      var y=0;
      for (y = 0; y < height; y = y + mosaicSize) {
        for (x = 0; x < width; x = x + mosaicSize) {
          var cR = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4];
          var cG = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4 + 1];
          var cB = imageData.data[(y * width + x) * 4 + 2];
          context.fillStyle = "rgb("+cR+","+cG+","+cB+")";
          context.fillRect(x, y, x + mosaicSize, y + mosaicSize);
        }
      }
    }
  </script>
</head>
<body onload="loadImage();" style="background-color:#D0D0D0;">
  <canvas id="SimpleCanvas" width="640" height="360" style="background-color:#FFFFFF;"></canvas>
  <div>Canvas Demo</div>
  <div id="output"></div>
</body>
</html>

说明：

在处理完前一个代码之后，它执行2秒的间隔，然后在该间隔中执行onFadeOut，是淡出之前执行的代码。

运行结果

执行上面的HTML文件，将显示如下马赛克效果